1011. Reference : MM-1-18-62

farm labor

| June 12, 1960. Lot hired men from Ban wEn to work his fields, their wages cost 30 hap of rice [picul – translator]. July 16, 1960. Lot employed five people to move seedlings for a week, paying their wages to carry the 30 picul of rice. Sala ngen hired 15 people to work his fields, only four of those hired came. | Punch card

1012. Reference : MM-1-18-63

Land tenure

| June 9, 1960. Kham was one of the first group to reclaim the land in ‘tunglo:ng’ since B.E. 2491. At present the farmland in this area had become important. Many tractors were used for plowing. | Punch card

1013. Reference : MM-1-18-64

Old times trade

| June 9, 1960. In the past the transportation of goods was very difficult. People carted rice to sell at the town of Phayao and then brought back various products to sell. It required 15 days to return home. But after the truck became a popular method of transportation, the transport of products became faster. | Punch card

1014. Reference : MM-1-18-65

Offer sacrifices to a spirit

| June 5, 1960. Six or seven years ago mE kEw and mE sEng invited phi [spirit - translator] in order to ask why their daughter was sick. The spirit which had brought the disease was a ‘disease spirit’. This was why every year they had to offer sacrifices to this spirit, so it would not bring disease to family members. The spirit was descended through the matrilinear line. June 6, 1960. ‘Liang Phi’ ceremony at the south of Ban Dung. The majority of young people were involved in the preparations: such as Lab [minced meat with vegetable and chili – translator], alcohol, and oblation | Punch card

1015. Reference : MM-1-18-66

Daily events

| June 4, 10, 16, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27 29 and 30, 1960. Moerman collected information on the daily life of people. For example, first, people gathered rice to sell at the town of Phayao. Second, a new tobacco factory at the end of the village employed people in the village. Third, the chief district officer went on an inspection tour of the border. Fourth, villagers were at the meeting for the donation of goods and money to hospitals and schools. | Punch card

1016. Reference : MM-1-18-67

Daily events

| July 1 -3, 5 and 7, 1960. Entering the farming season, people were employed to transplant rice seedlings in the fields. July 24 and 31, 1960. Moerman collected information about the daily life of the villagers. For example, first, Ta transported beans to sell in the town of Phayao. Second, Kong had a problem with eyesight. Third, in the villagers' opinion, people preferred working to being inactive. | Punch card

1017. Reference : MM-1-18-68

Animals and objects naming in central Thai language

| July 16, 1960. KEw taught the names of objects and animals in central Thai language to Moerman. | Punch card

1018. Reference : MM-1-18-69

Conflicts and rumors

| July 16, 1960. There was a serious quarrel between the headman and villager. | Punch card

1019. Reference : MM-1-18-70

Price and bribes of the officials

| July 17, 1960. The items at the market of Chiang Kham district were more expensive because the number of stores was so low. Moreover, difficulties in travel prevented inspection tours by higher officials, and the villagers believed that this was why local officials could ask for bribes from the stores and from administrative businesses. Consequently, the price of goods was affected. The villagers believed that if the condition of the roads were improved, the goods would become cheaper, as the local officers would be afraid of the inspectors. | Punch card

1020. Reference : MM-1-18-71

Attitude to clergy

| July 11, 20, 26, and 30, 1960 and January 15, 1961. Moerman had observed the behavior of monk. His conduct was not different from laymen, and currently he was planning to leave the monkhood. | Punch card