Content by category :

Total : 3,376 item

Total

3,376 item
Punch card

2,612 item
Letter

136 item
Typescript

160 item
Notebook

63 item
other

1 item
Postcard

2 item
Map

1 item
Card

1 item
Slide

382 item
Motion picture

18 item

1,861. Reference : MM-1-21-501

Lunch with the judge

| January 21, 1969. Moerman had lunch with Penthip and Miphat and discussed various issues. For example, this year, the court could close more cases than last year. According the opinion of Moerman, both seemed to be close. Third, if a judge graduated from abroad, he and/or she would have chance to be promoted faster than the others who had graduated from domestic universities. Fourth, the work and status in society were also an important factor of promotion. Fifth, in order to promote the position, proposed articles were required for consideration. | Punch card

by : Michael Moerman

1,862. Reference : MM-1-21-502

Interview with Praphat, secretary of the supreme court.

| February 4, 1969. Moerman interviewed Praphat, who currently served as Secretary of the Supreme Court on various issues. For example, first, before serving as Secretary of the Supreme Court Praphat worked as a court registrar, attorney, prosecutor and judge. Second, the Bar Council had decided to set up an institution to provide legal knowledge for those who had graduated from Thammasat University (?). Third, to alleviate the burden of the class 1 lawyer and to give a chance to help people who did not enough money to hire lawyers, the class 2 lawyers were allowed to conduct lawsuits throughout the Kingdom of Thailand. Fourth, the Supreme Court was an independent body to settle lawsuits and the final result could differ from the one of the District Court judge and the one of the Court of Appeal. | Punch card

by : Michael Moerman

1,863. Reference : MM-1-21-503

Lunch with Mipat.

| April 29. Moerman collected data at a luncheon of judges on various, interesting issues. First, witnesses who were called by the court would get ‘conduct money’. The amount depended on the type of case. Second, relating to personal history of Winit, his father was a former judge. He was arrested because of his involvement in a coup d'etat. Third, Pat was expected to serve as a judge of the Supreme Court; however, to work in this department needed backing. | Punch card

by : Michael Moerman

1,864. Reference : MM-1-21-504

Interview with Sansern

| June 19-20, 1969. Moerman interviewed Sansern on various interesting issues. First, objection was needed in a trial. Second, the personal history of Sansern and his past work experience. Third, language was a barrier in trial. Fourth, during the trial judges needed to write down words as well as comments in a notebook. In some cases judges could not take notes while following the trial. That was the reason shorthand note-takers were hired to assist the judges. However, the information obtained from the note-takers had to be used carefully. There might be some errors in recording. Fifth, experience was very important for the judges, because they had to consider the conviction of the defendants. Sixth, in the opinion of Sansern, the process of judgment was fair and equitable according to Constitution. | Punch card

by : Michael Moerman

1,865. Reference : MM-1-21-505

Lunch with a judge

| June 2, 1969. Moerman had lunch with Winit, a judge, discussing various issues. First, there must be accurate evidence for a conviction in criminal cases. But in civil cases reliability of more than 50% was sufficient evidence for conviction. Second, the oath before the attestation, and the sacred vow taken that an offence was not true (not-guilty) was important to defendants. Third, the cases were classified as easy or difficult cases to be allocated to judges. Fourth, penalties regulated in criminal law (Yi Tok) were used to convict defendants in a general criminal court in Chiang Mai. But in some cases the conviction required the discretion of the judge. Fifth, Winit was flexible and compromising in his work. Sixth, Winit also mentioned different ways to approach to the judges for bribery. Seventh, the judges worked with honestly because they were considered a representative of the King. Eighth, even if salaries were not very high, Winit still worked as judge with pride. In the future, he planned to move back to Bangkok to get a higher position. | Punch card

by : Michael Moerman

1,866. Reference : MM-1-21-506

Lunch with a judge

| June 4, 1969. Moerman had lunch with Penthip, who was a judge, discussing various interesting issues. First, it was necessary to apply the prescribed penalties of criminal cases (Yi Tok) in conviction because young judges had insufficient experience to settle the cases. Second, the police should assist with the work of the court by screening cases and by investigating suspects with fairness. They should not use force and impose charges on the accused. Third, a problem with graft in the fraud cases, which deviated decisions, was raised in the conversation. Fourth, personal conflict between judges may cause problems with the conviction. Fifth, police and prosecutors often chose to file the lawsuits to sue defendants, even if there was no evidence, because they wanted to show accomplishment. | Punch card

by : Michael Moerman

1,867. Reference : MM-1-21-507

District Court of Southern Bangkok

| June 6, 1969. Moerman interviewed the Chief of Southern Bangkok District Court on various issues. For example, if the accused chose to fight lawsuits in court, frequently, the police tended to pressure for case settlement. Second, in the case of prostitution, courts often decided to send the accused to be trained and work for the community. Third each court used the prescribed penalties in criminal cases (Yi Tok) differently, depending on the judge's discretion. | Punch card

by : Michael Moerman

1,868. Reference : MM-1-21-508

Winit, the judge

| January 30, 1969. Winit, the judge, planned to move back to Bangkok even though he liked the work and climate in Chiang Mai. But due to the high cost of living and to receive visiting guests from aboard, local salaries were not quite enough. In addition, he also wanted to be with his daughter in Bangkok. But the plan seemed difficult, because finding someone who would work in his place was quite hard. | Punch card

by : Michael Moerman

1,869. Reference : MM-1-21-509

Miphat, the judge

| October 16, 1968. Moerman had talked to a judge, Miphat on various issues. First, his educational background. Second, Thai justice was not corrupt. Third, in Lampang the crime rate was high. In the majority of cases, the offenders were aged less than 20 years. Fourth, the judge who was acting in the case of election fraud at the Municipal Council level received a threatening letter. | Punch card

by : Michael Moerman

1,870. Reference : MM-1-21-510

Interview with Sansern

| September 7, 1969. Moerman interviewed Sansern, a judge, on various issues. First, the preparation and duration of the trial, which lasted several months. Second, the way in which each judge was assigned to a case depending on the ability and willingness to work. Third, they talked about the details of Sansern’s work and his praise of responsibility. Third, details from Sansern concerning the civil lawsuits. Fourth, the social conditions of Phuket were mentioned, where it was hard to distinguish who was rich or who was poor. | Punch card

by : Michael Moerman