3341. Reference : MM-1-17-25

Cosmology.

| 14 June 1965 - Cosmology: the Lue believe that there is a large mountain where nagas (mythical serpents) live, surrounded by the four continents known as Alamakuyan tip, Udonqo tip, Chompu tip and Mukp tip. The sun travels around this mountain. | Punch card

3342. Reference : MM-1-17-26

Knowledge of outside worls.

| 14 June 1965 - Knowledge of the outside world. People seem to be aware of the USSR due to its military assistance to China in the form of weapons and aircraft. Some people are also familiar with satellites, rockets and airplanes. According to Pingjaw, the Meo Lai tribe used to be Communist and were supported by America. Lue women are aware of fighting in Laos and Vietnam. | Punch card

3343. Reference : MM-1-17-27

Changes in BP.

| 14 and 19 June 1965 - Changes in Ban Phaed. There is one motorbike and almost 20 radio sets in the village. Maikham is a teacher at Matthayom Wittayakom School. | Punch card

3344. Reference : MM-1-17-28

Spirits and membership.

| 15 June 1965 - Spirit and memberships. Among the Northern Thai a bachelor and widower violate custom if they sleep inside a house. In Ban Phaed anyone may cross the “ping” (threshold) of any house because there are no house spirits. Lao spirits do not allow any non-Lao people or Lao who respect different spirits to go past the fireplace. | Punch card

3345. Reference : MM-1-17-29

House : use.

| 15 June 1965 – Use of different areas in the house and components of the house, looking at how beliefs in house spirits differ between northern Thai and Lue people. If a Lue man takes a northern Thai wife, she cannot live in a Lue house. However, it does not violate custom if a northern Thai woman takes a Lue husband. The direction in which people sleep. Village economics: Seng complains about a lack of capital. | Punch card

3346. Reference : MM-1-17-30

Farming.

| 15 June 1965 - Farming: yield of rice per rai. Many people practice rice farming in Thunglaw in order to save money and get a better yield. Many villagers have sold land in Thunglaw to Lao newcomers. The headman sold a lot of forest land, both to people inside the village and to outsiders. Moerman observes that the fields are already plowed and that the farmers are waiting for rain. | Punch card

3347. Reference : MM-1-17-31

Timing of interaction.

| 15 June 1965 - Timing of interactions. Whereas town dwellers tend to pause in their interactions, such pauses are rarer in interactions among villagers. When visitors visit, the leader takes a magazine and reads it, and the visitor is often silent. | Punch card

3348. Reference : MM-1-17-32

Suk and Saj.

| 15 June 1965 - Suk previously had a baby, but it died. Suk, who is now married again, calls Moerman “Pho Pu”. | Punch card

3349. Reference : MM-1-17-33

Lue and other Thai.

| 16 June 1965 - Lue and other Thai. Traditional markers of Lue dress, such as sarongs, jackets and hairstyles, are on the wane. Nonetheless, the Lue language remains. Dialect is crucial, as it distinguishes the Lue from the northern Thai, or Ban Phaed people from Ban Wan people. The Lue think northern Thai people are lazy but that Lue people are not. Kalom, Thai, Lao, and Lue people speak mutually comprehensible dialects. | Punch card

3350. Reference : MM-1-17-34

Eloquence.

| 16 June 1965 - Eloquence: Maechan, Bunsri and Ngern are all talkative. People who speak less are called “Bo Chang U” or “Bo Hu Khwam”. “Jok Len” (to tease) means to say something which makes others laugh. | Punch card